How Modem Works

Modes of Operation for Modem

The concepts of MODEM, its working operation, various types of MODEM and how it interconnects with the communication circuits are very important. What do you know about MODEM? It stands for Modulator-demodulator. The MODEM is generally used to receive and transmit digital information for transmission. How is it transmitted? It is transmitted over a public telephone line.

What are the modes of operation? There are different modes of operation for MODEM. They are termed as simplex operation, half duplex operation and full duplex operation. Let us know all these modes of operation in short. At first, let us start from the simple mode of operation for Modulator-demodulator.

In the simplex mode of operation, the transmission of digital information is only in one direction. If it transmits the data in only one direction then there is no possibility of error connection. Also, the retransmission of that data is not possible. Similarly, only one channel is needed for the half-duplex mode to transmit the digital data. By using only one channel, it is quite possible in reducing the transmission speed.

And, the best mode of operation for MODEM is full duplex mode. In this type of mode, the digital data and information are transmitted as well as received at the same time in both directions either forward or backward. Hence, it is the best mode although it needs two independent transmission channels.

For different data speeds, different modems are used. For an example, if we need the modem for a speed 1800 bps, the Non- Coherent Frequency Shift Keying modem is used. For a speed up to 4800 bps, Coherent- Phase Shift keying modem is needed. Similarly, 8-phase Quadrature Amplitude Modulation modem is used for speed up to 9600 bps. And, for speed greater than 9600 bps the Phase Shift Keying or Vestigial Side Band modem is used.

How MODEM interconnects with the Communication circuits

It is very important to know about how MODEM interconnects with the communication circuits. There are two major processes by which the MODEM is interconnected with various communication circuits. It is interconnected via dedicated lines or dial-up lines. Both the dedicated lines and dial-up lines techniques are important in this process. And, it is coupled with the communication cable through hardwired or acoustically coupled.

The special acoustic foam pads are used in an acoustically coupled method. But in hardwired coupling method, the Modulator- demodulator (modem) is permanently connected.

It is connected to public telephone networks line or some dial-up lines.

Block codes in Modulator-Demodulator

It is defined as the codes which are used for error detection. The Block codes may be used in the above process too which is not a complicated process to analyze. These block codes may be used in the technique or whole process while interconnecting MODEM with the various circuits.

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