Study of Antenna - Aperture And Yagi Uda Array

The Antenna having higher gain is used in Aircraft and spacecraft. The dipole in the antenna is referred to as the standing wave linear antenna and the portion of the line has been bent. The Yagi-Uda array antenna is a type of array antenna which comprises different folded dipole. It also consists of various numbers of parasites elements. Here, the input impedance is purely resistive and this type of array antenna is used for high frequency, very high frequency and ultra high-frequency communications.

In Yagi-Uda array antenna, if the number of array elements is 3 then such type of Yagi-Uda array antenna is known as beam antenna.

The Yagi-Uda array antenna has a unidirectional beam which provides a gain of the order of about 8 decibels.

The Yagi-Uda array antenna is also called as a fixed frequency device. It is also called as Super-gain array due to two important characteristics. It is because of high gain and high beam-width. Here, beam-width is a measure of directivity of an antenna. It is defined as the angular separation between two half power points of an antenna in the radiation pattern.

In Yagi-Uda array antenna, the effective aperture is defined as the power delivered to load per incident power density. And, the power gain is the radiation intensity of the antenna in a particular direction per total input power to the antenna. Also, the directive gain is the ratio of radiation intensity in a particular direction and radiation intensity of the reference antenna.

The parameters like effective aperture, power gain, and directive gain are very useful and important in Yagi-Uda array antenna.

The other important types of antenna are the rhombic antenna, V-antenna, long wire linear antennas, etc.

The long wire linear antennas are the first traveling wire antenna which has a horizontal polarization. It has low radiation efficiency and is used for medium frequency and high frequency. V-antenna is an application of long wire antenna which has higher gain and directivity. In the rhombic antenna, there is a connection of two V-antennas at the ends.

The directional properties of the dipole antenna: The radio frequency energy is radiated that is generated in the transmitter. And, the transmission line is required to guide the radio frequency energy in the antenna. The energy is directed into the required direction. The radiation in other unrequired direction is suppressed where it is not important.

Why aperture antenna is needed?

The aperture antenna is needed due to various important purposes. It has a higher gain which is very important characteristics. Also, the aperture antenna is covered with dielectric substances to protect it from the different unfavorable environmental condition. In the surface of aircraft or spacecraft, the aperture antenna is generally flush mounted without disturbing the aerodynamic properties of the craft which is really very important properties.

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