Four Segments of Johari Window
The Johari Window was developed by Joseph Luft and Harrington Ingham in the late 1950s. They have developed this theory to make people self-aware of themselves. The Johari Window graph consists of four segments. They are termed as Arena (open area), Blindspot (blind area), Facade (hidden area) and Unknown. The arena is the area where your personality/attitudes are known by others as well as you.Blindspot or Blind Area is the area where you are unaware of yourself but known by others. Facade means you know yourself but others don't know you. It is also known as the hidden area. And, the last one is Unknown, which means you and others are not known to self and others.
If the Open Area is big that is good for an organization as you have such personality/ attitudes that are known to you and the surroundings around you.
Johari Window helps to improve self-awareness as well as understanding among individuals by the above four segments.
How to control Cognitive Dissonance
If I would be facing a cognitive dissonance i.e. there are conflicts between my two attitudes and conflict between my attitude and behavior, then I would be facing inconsistency, stress, pressure, and the lack of emotional stability. Therefore, to control the cognitive dissonance, I would be-1. Understanding my nature, self-awareness of myself and the attitudes that conflict between two or more at once.
2. Self-management, I would be managing myself and do the work that is free of creating conflicts between my attitudes.
If I would find someone with cognitive dissonance, I would have been providing training, counseling, and the understanding of the difference between two attitudes and the impact of it on behavior, and motivate them to know themselves, their important attitude for the organization and helping them with inconsistency behavior.