8 Major Attribution Biases of Perception in Organizations

The major attribution errors or biases are overconfidence bias, anchoring bias, availability bias, hindsight bias, confirmation bias, escalation of commitment, randomness error, risk aversion. Below are the examples of the above attribution errors and biases of perception:

Overconfidence bias

They are the one who thinks they have the ability and capability to do more better than any other. For example, a person who is overconfident that he has performed the task better than any other like junior-level employees comparing itself with the ability of top-level executives.

Anchoring bias

They are the one who sets the information in minds that are received at first and does not want any second thought or information to receive. For example, when doing a task or group work, certain decisions taken can be modified and/or another alternative may be best, but anchoring bias prefers the first information to be set as they have already stored it in their mind.

Availability bias

The person who prefers the information readily available on hand. For example, a person who will only receive/select the information that is available without making any effort and is easy to perform the work faster.

Hindsight bias

The person who thinks they know all after knowing the outcome of certain tasks or activities. For example, a student who says 'I knew that answer' when the lecturer describes the answer in detail.

Confirmation bias

The person who thinks the decisions they take are better and does not want any other information

Escalation of Commitment

The person who thinks their decisions are right even after the evidence that the information and decision they took are wrong. They stick to the same information and do not prefer any other changes or alternatives. They are committed to their decisions or information. For example, if a supervisor does not listen to its employees when even its decisions are wrong and are committed to its decisions and the information it has.

Randomness error

The person who takes the decision on random superstition. The one who believes their fate is decided by someone else. For example, if the person believes the hard work and achievement due to some external locus of control rather than his own, or the superstitious belief that it happened due to the planetary actions, etc.

Risk Aversion

The person who avoids taking risks and would rather have a moderate outcome or return instead of taking the risk and having a high return. For example, a job that is secure and has a high return instead of jobs such as the stock market which has more risk and high return.

The existence of Informal Groups in every form of Organizations

Yes, informal groups indeed exist in almost every form of organization. They are groups such as friend circle, sharing information group, etc which has a common ground of interests, understanding, thinking, behavior, culture, etc. There are various types of informal groups. They are interesting (common), common behavior, common state or location, common attitudes, and common understanding.

Even though all have different informal groups, they are connected to each other by sharing information they have, by understanding and having agreeableness personality to work with.

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